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International phonetic alphabet (IPA) -- 国际音标

International phonetic alphabet (IPA)就是 ”国际音标“[guó jì yīn biāo]。提出了利用国际音标加强语音教学的方法吧！
https://baike.baidu.com/item/国际音标/804946, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet.
 

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ʌ

/ʌ/ -- Open-mid back unrounded vowel （low-mid back unrounded vowel）。https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel

例子:
son   /sʌn/   
run   /rʌn/   
dun [dʌn]
cut   /kʌt/   
duck   /dʌk/   
mother /'mʌðər/, [ˈmʌðə(r)],[ˈmʌðɚ]
monkey /mʌŋki/   
subway   /'sʌbweɪ/, [ˈsʌbˌwe]    
number   /'nʌmbər/, [ˈnʌmbə(r)], [ˈnʌmbɚ]    
blood    /blʌd/    
cup   /kʌp/   
fun   /fʌn/   
month   /mʌnθ/   
subject   /sʌbdʒekt/, [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt]   
butter   /ˈbʌtə/, [ˈbʌtə(r)], [ˈbʌtɚ]    
supper   /ˈsʌpə/, [ˈsʌpə(r)], [ˈsʌpɚ]
sun   /sʌn/   
brush   /brʌʃ/   
umbrella   [ʌmˈbrelə], [ʌmˈbrɛlə]    
luck   /lʌk/   
bus   /bʌs/   
bun   /bʌn/   
young   /jʌŋ/   
uncle   /ˈʌŋkl/̩, [ˈʌŋkəl]

[MSL]

ɑ:

/ɑ:/.

例子:
farm   /fɑːrm/, [fɑ:m]   
yard   /jɑːrd/, [jɑ:d]    
park   /pɑːrk/, [pɑ:k]   
dark   /dɑːrk/,  [dɑ:k]   
card   /kɑːrd/, [kɑ:d]   
heart   /hɑːrt/, [hɑ:t]   
pajamas   /pə'dʒɑːməz/, (and [pə'dʒæməz]!)   
scarf   /skɑːrf/, [skɑ:f]   
car   /kɑːr/, [kɑ:(r)] (and [kɑr]!)
carpet   /'kɑːrpɪt/, [ˈkɑ:pɪt]   
barn   /bɑːrn/, [bɑ:n]    
armchair   /'ɑːrmtʃer/, [ˈɑ:mtʃeə(r)]    
garlic   /'ɡɑːrlɪk/,  [ˈgɑ:lɪk]
garage   /ɡə'rɑːʒ/, [ˈgærɑ:ʒ]   
mark   /mɑːrk/,  [mɑ:k]   
artist   /'ɑːrtəst/, [ˈɑ:tɪst], [ˈɑ:rtɪst]    
cart   /kɑːrt/, [kɑ:t]    
arm   /ɑːrm/, [ɑ:m]   
star   /stɑːr/, [stɑ:(r)], [stɑr]   
hard   /hɑːrd/, [hɑ:d]
start   /stɑːrt/, [stɑ:t]    
bar   /bɑːr/, [bɑ:(r)]   
charm  [tʃɑ:m] , /tʃɑːrm/.